Power con-sumption is a critical concern, but power measurement and estimation is a challenge. Low-power wireless networks are quickly becoming a critical part of our everyday infrastructure. More importantly, Pump-and-Nap enables sustainable bulk transfer compared to state-of-the-art techniques that greedily maximize throughput at the expense of downtime due to energy depletion.
Results show that Pump-and-Nap provides high transfer throughput while it simultaneously tracks the target duty cycle. We implemented Pump-and-Nap in TinyOS and evaluated its performance through experiments and testbed simulations. Its use of local information makes the controller easily deployable in a distributed fashion. The controller uses prior input-output observations (capacity allocations and their corresponding duty cycle usage) to continuously tune its performance and adapt to wireless link quality variations. Pump-and-Nap employs an adaptive controller to periodically compute the optimal capacity, that is, the maximum number of packets a node can receive and transmit in a train, given its duty cycle constraint. A node using Pump-and-Nap operates by pumping a train of packets followed by a napping period where the node forgoes any transmission. We propose Pump-and-Nap, a packet train forwarding technique that maximizes throughput while simultaneously enforcing compliance to dynamic duty cycle limitations. We address the problem of transferring bulk data in environmentally-powered wireless sensor networks where duty cycle compliance is critical for their uninterrupted operation. We show that beacon coordination both improves protocol performance and reduces power consumption. We have implemented an announcement layer in the Contiki operating system and three data collection and dissemination protocols Protocols can quickly disseminate new announcement information to all neighbors by issuing an announcement push operation. Gather announcement information from all neighbors and all protocols by issuing an announcement pull operation. With an announcement layer, new or mobile nodes can quickly Transmission so that the total number of transmissions is reduced. An announcement layer piggybacks beacons and coordinates their Layer-that coordinates beacons across upper layer protocols. Significantly reduces transmission costs and argue that this shows the need for a new layer in the sensornet stack-an announcement We show that piggybacking multiple beacons in a single transmission Sensornet protocols periodically broadcast beacons for neighborhood information advertisement, but beacon transmissions areĬostly when power-saving radio duty cycling mechanisms are used.
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